U. S. states posted a surprise increase in initial jobless claims last week, rising further above a pandemic-era low from earlier this month.
美国各州上周首次申请失业救济人数意外增加，进一步高于本月早些时候大流行时期的低点。
The Labor Department released its weekly jobless claims report on Thursday at 8:30 a.m. ET. Here were the main metrics from the print, compared to consensus estimates compiled by Bloomberg:
美国劳工部于美国东部时间周四上午 8 点 30 分发布了每周失业申请报告。与彭博社编制的共识估计相比，以下是印刷品的主要指标：
Initial unemployment claims, week ended September 18: 351,000 vs. 320,000 expected and a revised 335,000 during the prior week
初请失业金人数，截至 9 月 18 日当周： 351,000 人，预期为 320,000 人，前一周修正后为 335,000 人
Continuing claims, week ended September 11: 2.845 million vs. 2.600 million expected and a revised 2.714 million during the prior week
持续申请，截至 9 月 11 日的一周： 284.5 万 ， 预期为 260 万，前一周修正后为 271.4 万
Despite the increase last week, new claims have come down significantly since the start of the year to close in on their weekly rate from before the pandemic. And even with last week's increase in claims, the four-week moving average for filings came down by 750 to reach 335,750.
尽管上周有所增加，但自今年年初以来，新申领失业救济人数已大幅下降，接近大流行前的每周申领人数。即使上周申请增加，申请的 4 周移动平均数下降了 750，达到 335,750。
At the start of the month, new jobless claims dipped to 312,000, or their lowest level since March 2020, before ticking back up. Claims had come in at an average weekly pace of just over 200,000 per month throughout 2019.
本月初，新申请失业救济人数降至 312,000 人，或自 2020 年 3 月以来的最低水平，然后又回升。整个 2019 年，索赔的平均每周速度刚刚超过 200,000 人。
Over the past several months, as more individuals became vaccinated and returned to going out, the main issue capping the labor market's recovery has been on finding enough workers to meet employers' soaring demand. Job openings were at a record high of 10.9 million as of the end of July, highlighting the widespread nature of the labor constraints.
在过去的几个月里，随着越来越多的人接种疫苗并重新外出，限制劳动力市场复苏的主要问题是找到足够的工人来满足雇主飙升的需求。截至 7 月底，职位空缺达到创纪录的 1,090 万个，突显了劳动力限制的普遍性。
A growing list of companies have highlighted the operating disruptions and cost pressures resulting from labor scarcities. Earlier this week, shipping giant FedEx (FDX) said its first-quarter results "were negatively affected by an estimated $450 million year-over-year increase in costs due to a constrained labor market which impacted labor availability, resulting in network inefficiencies, higher wage rates, and increased purchased transportation expenses."
越来越多的公司强调了劳动力稀缺导致的运营中断和成本压力。本周早些时候，航运巨头联邦快递 ( FDX )表示，其第一季度业绩“受到成本同比增长 4.5 亿美元的负面影响，原因是劳动力市场受限影响了劳动力供应，导致网络效率低下、成本增加工资率，并增加了购买的运输费用。”
And as long as concerns over the coronavirus linger, headwinds to the labor market's full recovery are unlikely to entirely abate. "Although supply constraints are expected to ease over coming months, the labor market still faces headwinds from the virus, especially if it continues to disrupt school reopenings and business activity," Rubeela Farooqi, chief economist for High Frequency Economics, wrote in a note earlier this week. "That could have implications for labor supply and demand going forward, which in turn will impact the timing of a complete recovery in the labor market."
只要对冠状病毒的担忧挥之不去，劳动力市场全面复苏的逆风就不太可能完全消退。 High Frequency Economics 首席经济学家鲁比拉·法鲁奇 (Rubeela Farooqi) 早些时候在一份报告中写道：“尽管预计未来几个月供应限制将有所缓解，但劳动力市场仍面临病毒带来的不利因素，尤其是如果它继续扰乱学校重新开放和商业活动的话。”本星期。“这可能会对未来的劳动力供需产生影响，进而影响劳动力市场全面复苏的时机。”
Encouragingly, however, the number of individuals claiming unemployment benefits over a protracted period of time has continued to come down.
然而，令人鼓舞的是，在很长一段时间内申请失业救济的人数继续下降。
And as of data from September 4, the total number of claimants across all programs was just under 11.3 million. This dropped by nearly 900,000 compared to the prior week, and compared to 26.6 million during the same week last year. And given that the data is on a multi-week delay, that sum has not yet captured the massive drop in claimants across all programs taking place after Sept. 6, when federal pandemic-era unemployment benefits previously authorized by Congress expired across all states. Individuals collecting benefits via these federal programs had comprised nearly three-quarters of the all claimants as of late August.
截至 9 月 4 日的数据，所有计划的索赔人总数略低于 1130 万。与前一周相比下降了近 90 万，而去年同期为 2660 万。考虑到数据延迟了数周，这笔款项还没有反映出 9 月 6 日之后所有计划中申领人数的大幅下降，当时国会先前授权的联邦大流行时期失业救济金在所有州都到期。截至 8 月底，通过这些联邦计划领取福利的个人占所有索赔人的近四分之三。
本文节选自：Yahoo（雅虎）
